Tuesday, 29 December 2009

The Death Penalty, The War on Drugs, Rule of Law and National Sovereignty

Today we hear that China has executed Akmal Shaikh for drug smuggling.

Firstly Mr Shaikh was executed. He was not presenting an imminent threat to life or limb but was taken from a cell or secure room in a facility well capable of containing him and killed in cold blood. Like an individual, the State can, in certain circumstances, take life. But this is usually limited to situations of immediate ongoing threat to existence, as in a defensive war against an external aggressor. This is no such case. Had there been no death penalty, any discussions about mental health could go on and, hopefully, be resolved. Now it cannot.

Secondly, Mr Shaikh was smuggling drugs. The whole war on drugs is irrational and counter-productive. It enriches drug lords, impoverishes and criminalises users who, frankly, probably have enough on their plate as it is, and drives up crime to fund habits and maintain "turf". It should not have been a crime outside that of, possibly, tax evasion of duty or VAT.

Thirdly, China is a sovereign nation. It has poor and sometimes non-existent Rule of Law, but that fact remains. It is the role of the Chinese people to effect change in that dimension and not for "Western governments" to demand anything*. Having said that, it is NOT the right of the Chinese authorities to, in turn, demand that no criticism be made of their actions. Such protests sound shrill.

If people outside of China want to make a stand then make it as individuals using the means available within the Rule of Law. Some call for a boycott of Chinese goods, but then again is it the responsibility of private companies in China? Even if China had multi-party democracy, how would one know that a particular manufacturer and their hapless employees (and suppliers, come to that) were supportive of the regime and policy and so be responsible? Collective punishment is disgraceful. Period. One must be very clear about who is being targeted and the unintended consequences of such actions.

So, we have a man convicted of a non-crime, convicted without due process and sentenced to an illegitimate punishment, but by a Sovereign Nation.

What would a Libertarian government do? We would put our case against the death penalty and the futility of the "war on drugs". We would put our case for the Rule of Law. This was not some extra-judicial outrage, however. I would ask all those who want the State to "do something" to consider how you would react if a foreign power or group tried to dictate or use force to control how our courts dealt with a case in the UK. Not acceptable. For us. For China.


* As for Brown and our embarrassing, quisling, limp and routinely toadying F&CO response...one wonders if certain elements intentionally act to weaken our position and undermine influence, so eager to play in a bigger pond.

10 comments:

Paul said...

I'm sorry but your paragraph on national sovereignty makes a whole mockery of the whole piece. If liberty means anything why should it be reserved to those fortunate enough to have the power and capability to challenge their own rulers? We can't even satisfactorily do that in the UK.

Would the Libertarian Party have taken the view that Nazi Germany could do what it liked with its Jews because it was a matter for the German people themselves to rein in Hitler?

This is, at best, muddled thinking, and at worst dismal Little-Englandism. It is, furthermore, what I was worried about when I decided that I could not as things stand join the Libertarian Party.

Hoping you guys will prove me wrong.

Tim Carpenter said...

Paul,

Who said anything about liberty being "reserved"? That is an extraordinary and baseless extrapolation.

Just because we want everone to live in a Libertarian society does not give us the right to force that upon every Sovereign country. We are non-interventionist, not extra-territorialists or cultural Imperialists. You imply a false dichotomy of "Imperialist" OR "Little Englander".

Your comment re Nazi Germany is in a similar vein, presuming we are one side of a false dichotomy. Just because we know we have no authority, does not mean we agree or consent to anything. It does not mean we stay silent but it also does not mean we have the right to march in. The UK government at the time resisted the settlement of fleeing Jews, remember.

So, I refer you to the real issue here, the question you conveniently skipped - how would you feel? - and ask the other side of the coin : What would you do?

Paul said...

In the first place I regard the issue of national sovereignty as largely irrelevant. Let's take the EU. As long as the UK government is a better guarantor of individual freedom than the EU (or any other institution) then I'm happy to support UK national sovereignty. On the other hand if the UK was doing the sort of things China does on a regular basis and the EU was in a position to put a stop to it, I'd be backing the EU all the way.

I don't accept this idea of not having the authority to intervene. Intervention may not be desirable, practical or morally right in any given situation but who is really doling out the authority in these situations? The UN I suppose (ha ha).

Okay, maybe I jumped too hard over all this when I saw the words "national sovereignty". If you're going to say that Libertarian governments or western governments in general cannot guarantee freedom to everyone everywhere on the planet then that's fair enough. It's quite a different thing to say that we have no authority to intervene, or that it's none of our business to do so.

I think I've answered "how would I feel?". As for "what would I do?", well in Mr Shaikh's case there's not much to be done now other than complain loudly. Which is what is happening.

Tomrat said...

Agree fully with your points Tim but it raises a curiousity of thought in me.

As a Christian I am aware of several dozen groups in China who are currently undergoing major persecution; my church is supporting them financially and collectively as an organisation we send individuals, bibles and resources over to these groups who in general as an afterthought to worship are incredibly hostile to the Chinese state.

My question is thus; state intervention - certainly not, but what about individual intervention as an act of self defence against a totalitarian regime? If I went to China under my own volition and actively undermined the authorities what would be the reaction of an LPUK government? I'd expect no quarter certainly.

Take another example; say We didn't intervene
during WW2 but civilians actively mobilised themselves and crossed the channel to fight Naziism; how should the
state react?

sconzey said...

Absolutely correct, Tim. If the UK is to do anything under classical international law it can call the execution of a British National causus belli and go to war, but I'm pretty sure no-one wants that.

Tomrats points are salient. One of my favourite pieces of Libertarian fiction; the Probability Broach, has a volunteer army forming in anarcho-capitalist US and crossing the Atlantic to fight Nazism, shortly after the invasion of Poland.

Tim Carpenter said...

Paul,

Unfortunately you present another false dichotomy: (UK fine and foreign power dormant) OR (UK bad and foreign power intervenes). It does not work like that.

If you welcome foreign/supranational intervention the timing and trigger of that intervention will not be of your choosing. And that is the rub. Further, once they arrive how to remove them when you want to? How to stop them imposing change beyond that which you wish?

As for authority, it is possible for no entity to have authority, you know. For the UK to not have authority does not mean another does or is an arbiter thereof.

I would also draw attention to the "we" and "our" in your:

"It's quite a different thing to say that we have no authority to intervene, or that it's none of our business to do so."

The government is very different from the individual or individuals. The State is not "we", it is not "our". We, the individuals are the "we" and the "our" when and only when each individual choses to be part of that classification of their own free will.

As to what you would "do", well that is similar to what a Libertarian Government would do only our stance would exist and have a basis regardless of if the individual was British, Chinese or Bolivian or, in fact, if any case existed at all. The war on drugs is wrong and capital punishment is wrong.

Tim Carpenter said...

Tomrat,

Thanks for allowing me the opportunity to expand a little. As I hinted, a Libertarian government would not intervene in the actions of individuals operating within the (Rule of) Law on UK soil as determined by the UK. For actions on Chinese soil, it is outside of UK jurisdiction and as such have no actions to take. It should also be obvious that a Libertarian government would not have a comprehensive extradition treaty with a nation that imposes the death penalty, so any persons fleeing back to the UK wanted for capital offences would not be handed over. This last point is pretty much what is in place today.

IIRC individuals who went to Spain to fight in the Civil War did not face any repercussions from the UK on their return. I see no need to alter that state of affairs.

Tim Carpenter said...

Sconzey,

I am sure there is a line if crossed that would result in a declaration of war or of focused military reaction. What I believe is very important is to not threaten such unless there are the means and will to see it through.

The only sabre rattling that should be heard is from a sabre that is sharp, held by one skilled in the art, standing where it can reach the target and actually be capable of being withdrawn from the scabbard and deployed at any moment.

Gary said...

"What would a Libertarian government do?"

The quicker this oxymoron is consigned to antiquity, the better.

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